Nonlinear regression model checking via local polynomial smoothing

A goodness-of-fitt test statistic for nonlinear regression models based on local polynomial estimation is proposed in this paper. The criterion used to construct the test is the distance between the parametric fitt and the nonparametric regression estimation. The good performance of the test is shown via a simulation study. The method is applied to check a logistic mixture regression model for real data coming from a thermal analysis problem.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia; MTM2005-0042

Nuevas aplicaciones de la estimación paramétrica y no paramétrica de curvas al análisis térmico

[Resumen] Se propone la aplicación de modelos de regresión para la estimación de curvas procedentes del análisis térmico de materiales. Concretamente, se trata el problema de la implementación de estimadores paramétricos y no paramétricos de tipo plinómico local bajo condiciones de dependencia. Además, se estudia el caso del ajuste no sólo de la función de regresión, sino también de la primera y segunda derivadas. Se proponen dos métodos, el primero de mezcla de funciones logísticas y el segundo de tipo no paramétrico con elección del selector de la ventana de tipo PLUG-IN en dos etapas. Una última aplicación es la clasificación de materiales a paritr de termogramas. Concretamente, se presenta un método de tipo no paramétrico funcional para la discriminación entre distintas muestras, basado en la aplicación de la regla bayes. Este método permite la comparación de espectros para clasificar adecuadamente una nueva muestra dentro de una gama de materiales conocida. La novedad del modelo de clasificación radica en el uso de toda la información de la muestra mediante el empleo de modelos de regresión denominados de dimensión infinita o funcionales, por cuanto usan curvas como variable regresora. Finalmente, se aplican los métodos propuestos a distintos experimentos termogravimétricos y se acompañan con estudios de simulación

Estudio métrico sobre la actividad investigadora usando el software libre R: el caso del sistema universitario gallego

[Resumen] Este trabajo representa una nueva alternativa para el estudio, clasificación y comparación de la producción científica de centros de investigación, utilizando las funciones de tratamiento de datos del paquete Citan del software estadístico R. En particular, se muestra el análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones de las universidades de A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela y Vigo, en el periodo 2000-2011, recopiladas por la base de datos Scopus. Entre las técnicas usadas se aplicaron modelos de Lotka y Price, modelización no paramétrica y paramétrica de los datos, así como el cálculo y análisis de indicadores de la cantidad y calidad de la producción científica, los índices h y g, y otros menosconocidos como los rp1, lp, Ge1, Ge5 y Slp1. Como novedad, se propone una variante del índice h (hh) que define el grupo de investigadores que forman la élite más productiva de cada universidad y estima su calidad investigadora.[Abstract] This work represents a new alternative for the study, classification and comparison of the scientific production corresponding to research entities. It consists on the application of statistical data processing functions available in the R software’s Citan package. In particular, the bibliometric study of publications of universities of A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela and Vigo, in the period 2000-2011, compiled by the Scopus database. The study was conducted using the statistical analysis of the data, the application of models of Lotka and Price, nonparametric and parametric modeling (Pareto) of the data, and the calculation and analysis of indicators of the scientific production like the h and g indexes, and others lesser known as rp1, lp, Ge1, Ge5 and Slp1. A novelty consists in a variant of the h index (hh) that defines the group of researchers who are the most productive of each university, the elite, and estimates the researching quality of such representative elites

Statistical Quality Control with the qcr Package

[Abstract] The R package qcr for Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is introduced and described. It includes a comprehensive set of univariate and multivariate SQC tools that completes and increases the SQC techniques available in R. Apart from integrating different R packages devoted to SQC (qcc, MSQC), qcr provides nonparametric tools that are highly useful when Gaussian assumption is not met. This package computes standard univariate control charts for individual measurements, (Formula presented), S, R, p, np, c, u, EWMA, and CUSUM. In addition, it includes functions to perform multivariate control charts such as Hotelling T2, MEWMA and MCUSUM. As representative features, multivariate nonparametric alternatives based on data depth are implemented in this package: r, Q and S control charts. The qcr library also estimates the most complete set of capability indices from first to the fourth generation, covering the nonparametric alternatives, and performing the corresponding capability analysis graphical outputs, including the process capability plots. Moreover, Phase I and II control charts for functional data are included.The work of Salvador Naya, Javier Tarrío-Saavedra, Miguel Flores and Rubén Fernández-Casal has been supported by MINECO grant MTM2017-82724-R, and by the Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14 and Centro de Investigación del Sistema universitario de Galicia ED431G 2019/01), all of them through the ERDF. The research of Miguel Flores has been partially supported by Grant PII-DM-002-2016 of Escuela Politécnica Nacional of Ecuador. In addition, the research of Javier Tarrío-Saavedra has been also founded by the eCOAR project (PC18/03) of CITICXunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01Escuela Politécnica Nacional de Ecuador; PII-DM-002-201

Accessibility and tangible interaction in distributed workspaces based on multi-touch surfaces

[EN] Traditional interaction mechanisms in distributed digital spaces often fail to consider the intrinsic properties of action, perception, and communication among workgroups, which may affect access to the common resources used to mutually organize information. By developing suitable spatial geometries and natural interaction mechanisms, distributed spaces can become blended where the physical and virtual boundaries of local and remote spaces merge together to provide the illusion of a single unified space. In this paper, we discuss the importance of blended interaction in distributed spaces and the particular challenges faced when designing accessible technology. We illustrate this discussion through a new tangible interaction mechanism for collaborative spaces based on tabletop system technology implemented with optical frames. Our tangible elements facilitate the exchange of digital information in distributed collaborative settings by providing a physical manifestation of common digital operations. The tangibles are designed as passive elements that do not require the use of any additional hardware or external power while maintaining a high degree of accuracy.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund, through the ANNOTA Project (Ref. TIN2013-46036-C3-1-R).Salvador-Herranz, G.; Camba, J.; Contero, M.; Naya Sanchis, F. (2018). Accessibility and tangible interaction in distributed workspaces based on multi-touch surfaces. Universal Access in the Information Society. 17(2):247-256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-017-0563-7S247256172Arkin, E.M., Chew, L.P., Huttenlocher, D.P., Kedem, K., Mitchell, J.S.B.: An efficiently computable metric for comparing polygonal shapes. IEEE Trans. Acoust. 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In: Proceedings of the 25th BCS Conference on Human–Computer Interaction, pp. 217–226. British Computer Society (2011)Ishii, H.: Tangible User Interfaces. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2007)Ishii, H., Ullmer, B.: Tangible bits: towards seamless interfaces between people, bits and atoms. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 234–241. ACM (1997)Jacob, R.J., Girouard, A., Hirshfield, L.M., Horn, M.S., Shaer, O., Solovey, E.T., Zigelbaum, J.: Reality-based interaction: a framework for post-wimp interfaces. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 201–210. ACM (2008)Jetter, H.C., Dachselt, R., Reiterer, H., Quigley, A., Benyon, D., Haller, M.: Blended Interaction: Envisioning Future Collaborative Interactive Spaces. ACM, New York (2013)Jin, X., Han, J.: Quality threshold clustering. In: Sammut, C., Webb, G.I. (eds.) Encyclopedia of Machine Learning, pp. 820–820. Springer, Boston, MA (2011)Jordà, S., Geiger, G., Alonso, M., Kaltenbrunner, M.: The reactable: exploring the synergy between live music performance and tabletop tangible interfaces. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tangible and Embedded Interaction, pp. 139–146. ACM (2007)Kaltenbrunner, M., Bovermann, T., Bencina, R., Costanza, E.: Tuio: a protocol for table-top tangible user interfaces. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Gesture in Human–Computer Interaction and Simulation, pp. 1–5 (2005)Kirk, D., Sellen, A., Taylor, S., Villar, N., Izadi, S.: Putting the physical into the digital: issues in designing hybrid interactive surfaces. In: Proceedings of the 23rd British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: Celebrating People and Technology, pp. 35–44. British Computer Society (2009)Marques, T., Nunes, F., Silva, P., Rodrigues, R.: Tangible interaction on tabletops for elderly people. In: International Conference on Entertainment Computing, pp. 440–443. Springer (2011)Müller, D.: Mixed reality systems. iJOE 5(S2), 10–11 (2009)Newton-Dunn, H., Nakano, H., Gibson, J.: Block jam: a tangible interface for interactive music. In: Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, pp. 170–177. National University of Singapore (2003)Patten, J., Recht, B., Ishii, H.: Audiopad: a tag-based interface for musical performance. In: Proceedings of the 2002 Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, pp. 1–6. National University of Singapore (2002)Patten, J., Recht, B., Ishii, H.: Interaction techniques for musical performance with tabletop tangible interfaces. In: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, p. 27. ACM (2006)PQLabs: Inc. http://multitouch.com/ . Retrieved on 16 October 2016Ryokai, K., Marti, S., Ishii, H.: I/o brush: drawing with everyday objects as ink. 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Constructing a Control Chart Using Functional Data

[Abstract] This study proposes a control chart based on functional data to detect anomalies and estimate the normal output of industrial processes and services such as those related to the energy efficiency domain. Companies providing statistical consultancy services in the fields of energy efficiency; heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC); installation and control; and big data for buildings, have been striving to solve the problem of automatic anomaly detection in buildings controlled by sensors. Given the functional nature of the critical to quality (CTQ) variables, this study proposed a new functional data analysis (FDA) control chart method based on the concept of data depth. Specifically, it developed a control methodology, including the Phase I and II control charts. It is based on the calculation of the depth of functional data, the identification of outliers by smooth bootstrap resampling and the customization of nonparametric rank control charts. A comprehensive simulation study, comprising scenarios defined with different degrees of dependence between curves, was conducted to evaluate the control procedure. The proposed statistical process control procedure was also applied to detect energy efficiency anomalies in the stores of a textile company in the Panama City. In this case, energy consumption has been defined as the CTQ variable of the HVAC system. Briefly, the proposed methodology, which combines FDA and multivariate techniques, adapts the concept of the control chart based on a specific case of functional data and thereby presents a novel alternative for controlling facilities in which the data are obtained by continuous monitoring, as is the case with a great deal of process in the framework of Industry 4.0.This study has been funded by the eCOAR project (PC18/03) of CITIC. The work of Salvador Naya, Javier Tarrío-Saavedra, Miguel Flores and Rubén Fernández-Casal has been supported by MINECO grants MTM2014-52876-R, MTM2017-82724-R, the Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2016-015, and Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia ED431G/01 2016-19), through the ERDF. The research of Miguel Flores has been partially supported by Grant PII-DM-002-2016 of Escuela Politécnica Nacional of EcuadorXunta de Galicia; ED431C-2016-015Xunta de Galicia; ED431G/01 2016-19Escuela Politécnica Nacional de Ecuador; PII-DM-002-201

Modelling Operative and Routine Learning Curves in Manoeuvres in Locks and in Transit in the Expanded Panama Canal

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract] Piloting in the Panama Canal is exceptional as, due to its importance, the functions of the captains of vessels are taken over by pilots. Hence, prior to inauguration of the expanded canal, a limited number of pilots experienced on the existing canal were certified for the transit of Neopanamax vessels by means of planned and innovative individual learning. After this organisational training through operative training, with the implementation of the expanded canal in June 2016, the routine training started. Hence the learning curve in the performance of these manoeuvres will represent the growing skill acquired by both the pilots and the organisation. Given that the learning effect is measurable, this paper has the dual objective of determining two curve models: the organisation operative learning curve model and the routine learning curve model for pilots performing transit manoeuvres in the expanded Panama Canal waterways and the Cocolí and Agua Clara locks. Manoeuvre times in locks and transit in the whole of the canal were followed up continuously in the first 42 months of operation.The research of Salvador Naya and Javier Tarrío has been supported by MINECO grant MTM2017-82724-R, and by the Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14 and Centro de Investigación del Sistema universitario de Galicia ED431G 2019/01), all of them through the ERDF. This work has been funded in part by Project 1-FACINA of the International Maritime University of Panama (UMIP).Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01Universidad Marítima Internacional de Panamá; Project 1-FACIN

The Complexity of Lignin Thermal Degradation in the Isothermal Context

[Abstract] Thermal degradation of lignin in nitrogen atmosphere is evaluated by linear heating and isothermal tests. While linear heating suggests that thermal decomposition in the 200–400 °C range mainly consists of a single step, a careful analysis of isothermal tests points to different lignin fractions having different stabilities. This is an important point for practical predictions, since kinetics obtained as if the degradations at different temperatures were the same would lack practical utility. Instead, stairway type tests are proposed to evaluate the degradation rates and sample quantities involved at the temperatures of interest.This research was funded by MINECO, grant number MTM2017-82724-R and by Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14 and Centro de Investigación del Sistema universitario de Galicia ED431G 2019/01), all of them through the ERDFXunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0